syntax语言学中文介绍?

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雨的印迹

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句法学Syntax研究语言的句子结构。该语言学术语来自希腊语，字意是排列。句子是根据一种特定的排列词的方式构成的。排列正确的句子被认为是合乎语法的句子。合乎语法的句子是根据一套句法规则构成的。句法是一个规则系统。句法是一个由一套数量有限的抽象规则组成的系统，句子由单词组合而成。句子的语法性是指句子的合成必须符合操本族语者头脑中的语法知识。

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迷你小可爱

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网络结构语法; 结构文法双语例句A solution to homonym correction based on Chinese phrase structure grammar is presented in this paper. 本文在讨论了汉语短语结构语法的基础上，提出了一种基于汉语短语结构语法的语音消歧方案。Head-driven phrase structure grammar 中心词驱动短语结构文法The author proposes a kind of RNA secondary structure graph grammar which composed by the set of initial structure graphs and the set of the rewriting rules. 论文针对RNA二级结构图提出一种图语法，该语法由初始结构图集和重写规则集构成，用重写规则在初始结构图上的不断重写得到的结构图都是该语法的语言。As you read through the proposal, make comments in places that you think need improvement, or correct sentence structure or grammar. 在你浏览计画书时，在你认为需要改进处做评论，或纠正句法文法的错误。The Structure and Grammar of Adjective in Sichuan Dialect 四川话形容词的结构类型及其语法意义No doubt, your teachers at school have given you specific writing practice drills to improve your sentence structure, grammar, style, syntax, and writing ability. 毫无疑问地，学校的老师会藉由给特定的写作练习训练来增进你的句型结构、文法、写作风格、语法和写作能力。I took the essence of your essay and revised its structure, grammar, and style, giving it an elegance and sophistication that will set you apart from other applicants. 我抓住了您文中的精髓所在，并在结构、语法和行文上进行了一些修改，使文章变的更加高雅和更有说服力，从而使您在众多申请者中能脱颖而出。The current syntax tagging models are customarily based on PSG ( Phrase Structure Grammar) or DG ( Dependency Grammar), but all have some shortcomings. 现有句法标注模型主要包括基于短语结构语法（PSG）和基于依存语法（DG）的句法标注模型，还存在一些局限性。We'll analyze the structure and grammar sense of this sentence pattern, try to analyze what causes it, and predict its tendency. 我们将这种句式的结构和表达的语法意义进行分析，并尝试分析这种句式产生的原因，预测其发展趋势。The present article addresses the issue from four aspects, with the emphasis on the development of interactive communicative competence of English learners. Discourse makes an emphasis on structure and grammar. 本文针对这一现象进行了四个方面的探讨，并强调指出：英语交际能力的培养应立足于学习者的互动交际能力的培养。语篇强调语法和结构。By rendering Dowty's argument selection from an abstract procedure into a concrete feature structure presentation, Davis has successfully introduced the lexical entailments into HPSG ( Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar). Davis通过把Dowty的论元选择从一个抽象过程实现为特征结构表达式，成功地将词汇语义蕴涵引入到HPSG框架之内。In the Teaching of Chinese Language to international learners, the focus has always been the narrative complement structure in grammar teaching. 在对外汉语教学中，汉语述补结构一直是教学重点，其中可能补语对留学生来说尤其是难点。这主要是因为可能补语和状态补语在某些情况下会出现相同的形式。The general procedures of translation are as follows: 1. analyze& analyze its surface structure from grammar and semantics; 翻译的一般程序为：1、分析&从语法和语义两方面分析原文的表层结构；This paper illustrates the formalization model employed in Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar. 简要评述了中心语驱动短语结构语法所采用的语言理论形式化方法。It is assumed in the paper that the index agreement theory in the framework of Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar, which incorporates syntax, semantics and pragmatics, seems to be a potential approach to the problems exhibited in the traditional explanation of agreement. 中心语驱动短语结构语法框架内的标引一致理论，则兼顾了句法、语义、语用因素，较好地解决了传统一致观所解决不了的问题。The structure, grammar usage, plural noun attributive and the problems in the use of the noun attributive etc are discussed in the paper. 英语名词定语的构成、语法作用、重迭式、复数名词定语以及使用名词定语时应注意的问题等为英语名词定语主要探讨的几个方面。This paper discusses and analyzes the "ABB" pattern in Yichang dialect, which is a kind of language pattern of overlapped adjectives from structure, grammar function and way of expression aspects, and the sources of this language pattern from historical language angle as well. ABB式为宜昌话一叠缀形容词格式，本文从结构方式、句法功能和表达特点等方面对其一一予以论析，并从历史语言的角度探讨、分析这一话语模式的语源关系。Structure grammar based on local area of collection of line segmentation and geometric element and number of classes of geometric element could extract manmade object from natural background. 基于直线段集合图像给定区域内直线线段的结构文法及其所含几何基元数目和几何基元种类将人造目标从自然背景中提取出来。This chapter from still and dynamic angle, analyse the word structure and grammar structure of proverbs to show the feature of proverb in structure. 在这一章中主要从静态和动态两个角度，对禅籍中谚语的词结构和语法结构进行具体分析，从而展示谚语在动态的语用过程中，结构上的灵活性特点。The constraint-based theories Head-driven Phrase Structure grammar ( HPSG) and Lexical Functional Grammar ( LFG) integrate syntax and semantics in the account of anaphoric study. 以制约规则为基础建立的中心语驱动短语结构语法和词汇功能语法将句法和语义相结合来研究复指现象。Most of them have made their contributions to the research on the translation of legal documents from the point of view of vocabulary, sentence structure and grammar. 其中大部分从词、句子和语法的角度出发详细地探讨了法律文献的翻译。PSG ( Phrase Structure Grammar) has been extensively applied in computational linguistics. 短语结构语法在计算语言学中得到广泛的应用。He holds that the logic structure is built on the grammatical structure, grammar structure and logic structure of characters, words and sentences. 朱子认为，《大学》的意义结构正是建立在字、词、句、篇的语法结构、文法结构和逻辑结构之上。Based on the research about structure and grammar of EXPRESS language, STEP information is extracted for screw parts model in Java program. 本文通过对EXPRESS语言结构形式和语法的研究，针对螺杆零件模型进行STEP信息递归提取，用Java语言实现STEP文件到螺杆模型的映射。Context-free grammar which is aslo referred to as phrase structure grammar, is the most commonly mathematical system used to simulate the composition structure of natural language. Syntactic analysis is based on context-free grammar to identify sentences and assign sentences 'structure. 上下文无关语法又称为短语结构语法，是模拟自然语言成分结构的最常用的数学系统。此时就可以对句子进行句法剖析了，也就是根据上下文无关语法识别一个句子并给句子指派结构。In the writing process, students have the their opportunity to use language points and consolidate their knowledge of the structure of grammar, idioms and vocabulary which have been taught by their teachers. 在写作过程中，学生拥有了使用语言知识点和巩固教师已教给他们的语法知识结构，习惯用语以及反映他们的词汇量的机会。The external structure included grammar 、 tone and meaning. 外部结构包含三个层面，语法结构、调类结构和意义结构。SFG presents a view of language in terms of both structure ( grammar) and words ( lexis). 系统功能语法从语言的结构（语法）和词汇两方面提出了观点。It is pointed out that much attention is paid to linguistic knowledge, such as sentence structure, grammar and phonetics in the college English teaching in China, while the context of the language and the culture are ignored. 指出中国的大学英语教学注重的是语言知识、句型结构、语法和语音等，而忽视了语境和文化。

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个性名字网

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网络句法位置双语例句The left dislocation construction refers to a syntactic structure in which a constituent is moved to the beginning of a sentence and original position is usually marked by a pronominal element. 左向移位是功能语法中的一种句法结构，其中一个成分被移至句首是主位结构分析中的一个分支。Syntactic movement: Syntactic movement occurs when a constituent in a sentence moves out of its original place to a new position. 句子中的某个成分从它原来所处的位置移至新的位置就产生句法移位。Not only syntactic position but also occurrence frequency of the other demonstrative pronoun is different. 旁指代词不仅句法位置上存在着差异，在不同的句法位置上出现的频率也不一致。Based on syntactic position, other demonstrative pronoun can be divided into two categories: nominal and additional. 旁指代词按照占据句法位置的情况，可以分成体词性的和加词性的两类。The main factor preventing the English comitative preposition from evolving into a coordinating conjunction is persistence and it is the syntactic position that ultimately prevents the Chinese comitative preposition from developing into a coordinating conjunction in the sentence degree. 导致英语伴随介词没有演变成并列连词的主要因素是语义滞留原则，导致汉语伴随介词最终不能发展成句级并列连词的原因是句法位置的制约。The dissertation discusses "buylding" from various perspectives such as grammatical character 、 syntactic position 、 semantic features and the function of textual cohesion. 文章以三个平面理论为核心，从多个角度探讨了不一定的语法性质、句法位置、语义特点以及篇章衔接功能。Th-e grammatical meaning of verb-measure phrases entering each syntactic position are different. The grammatical meaning of each verb-measure phrase that enters each syntactic position is same with that of each syntactic position. 动量短语进入各不同句法位置的语法意义不同，表现为进入各不同句法位置的动量短语的语法意义与各句法位置的语法意义趋同。In terms of the relationship between the syntactic position of the predicate and the stating function, we think that only nouns with the function of statement can be placed in the position of the predicates. 从谓语句法位置与表述功能的关系出发，我们认为具有陈述义的名词才可以进入谓语句法位置。This paper discusses the restrictive factors of the appearance of de in the nominative structure of "verbal component+ nominative component", which involves five factors: word class, structure meaning, syntactic relationship, syntactic position and pragmatic factor. 本文从词类构成、结构义、句法关系、句法位置、语用五个方面考察双音动词作定语时“的”隐显的制约条件。Classify and describe the instrument category which can appear in different syntactic position. The instrument category may appear in three kinds of syntaxes positions: Adverbial position, subject position and object position. 对出现在表层不同句法位置上的工具范畴进行分类描写，工具范畴可以出现在三种句法位置上：状语位置、主语位置和宾语位置。Design of a Corpus of the Syntactic Position of Chinese Nominal Phrases 汉语名物性短语句法位置语料库的设计Second, the syntactic position of "buylding". 其次是不一定的句法位置。We also try to discuss the motivation and mechanism of grammaticalization and hold that the motivation is internal motivation of language e.g.the change of syntactic position. 并且试图探讨导致这种语法化的动因和机制，认为“起来”的语法化动因是语言的内部力量，即句法位置的改变而引起的。The extraction of active adjectives is subject to the influence of their syntactic position, the meaning of co-occurring verbs, person, tense, etc. Imperative sentences are the typical context for the extraction. 句法位置、同现动词的意义、人称、动态等都影响着形容词能动意义的提取，而提取形容词能动意义的典型语境是祈使句。First, it investigates from the syntactic position, syntactic collocation, the co-existence with other words, semantic analysis, sentence category selection and pragmatic functions. 首先，从句法位置、句法搭配、与其他词语的共现、语义分析、句类选择和语用功能等多方面进行共时考察。Its Syntactic position can be before the subject or after. Its semantics will always point to a point in time. 句法位置可以在主语前也可以在主语后。The syntactic variation is reflected in two forms: one is the change of position, the other is overlapping. 句法变异的表现有两种，一是换位，二是叠置。After detailed analysis and comparison, we can conclude that sentence-initial noun phrases have advantages in the syntactic position, there is a certain topicality. 经过详细分析对比，我们得出：句首名词性词语在句法位置上占优势，有一定的话题性。They are symmetrical in semantic, syntactic position, type of writing, and the choice in the different sentence. They are not symmetrical in the use frequency and syntax combination. 第六章讨论了至少和至多的对称与不对称性。两者在语义、句法位置、语体、句类选择上具有对称性；在使用频率、句法组合上具有不对称性。Meanwhile, the syntactic position of modal adverbs is also influenced by subjectivity strength, semantic representation and inter-subjectivity. 语气副词的句法位置受主观性强弱、语义表达、交互主观性等方面的影响。The change of syntactic position and analogy are the mechanisms of the "Cong" type prepositions. 从类介词的语法化机制主要是句法位置变化和类推。Scope of negation is described here as the possibility of negation on the VP ( including AP) elements, which reflects its flexibility in syntactic position. 否定辖域定义为VP（包括AP）成分被否定的可能性，体现了不句法位置的灵活性。First, we examine the syntactic position of the group of mood adverbs of 'bijing' category, on this basis, we examined them act as adverbial of condition. The other is textual function. 我们首先考察了毕竟类归结语气副词的句法位置，在此基础上我们对毕竟类归结语气副词作状语情况进行了考察；二是语篇功能。In addition, we also from the syntactic position and the evolution of word meaning changes two angles to investigate verb "Ge construction" falsified tendency of righteousness. 除此之外，我们还从句法位置的发展演变以及词义发展变化两个角度考察动词隔义的虚化倾向。When a complex event is mapped onto the syntactic structure, the external argument is mapped in the higher position and hence serves as the subject, while the argument in the internal event is placed in the post-verbal position. 当一个复杂事体映射到句法结构上时，外在论元处于句法较高处从而能够充当主语，而内在事体中的论元则只能出现在动词后的位置。The semantic role and syntactic position of the verbal argument can influence the expression of references. 4. 动词论元的语义角色和句法位置对指称表达有影响。Adjectives, which occupy a very important position in Chinese vocabulary system, possess the main function of serving as attributes and predicates and, the syntactic function of adjectives has key position in Chinese grammar research and teaching Chinese as a second language. 形容词在汉语词类体系中占有十分重要的地位，形容词的句法功能在汉语语法研究和对外汉语教学中都非常重要，作定语和作谓语是形容词的主要功能。

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绝尘映雪

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语法是英文用字与句型变化的规则，包含了构字学(morphology)和句法学(syntax)。当然，要能使用英文与人沟通又包括了语意学(semantics)和语音学(phonetics)二个要素，可以把语法当成是英语语言学的初阶知识。语法的规则是经由整理归纳出来的，学习语法最重要的作用在于帮助非母语人士快速学习了解该语言的构字与构句规则。一般来说，母语人士对于自己语言的语法认知是普遍不足的，其原因在于母语人士对于自己的语言有一种直觉。这种母语直觉让他们不须要语法的辅助，凭直觉就可以正确使用该语言，又或者说他们的语法已经内化成自觉。以中文为例，一我们应该可以轻易地判断句(1)和(2)哪一个正确。(1) 他已经睡了。 ( )(2) 他不已经睡了。 ( )身为中文母语人士的我们可以很轻易的用我们的直觉去判断句子是否正确，但你是否能够解释给外国人听为什么(2)是错误的。我们通常是这么回答他们的: (1) 我们不这么说，或 (2) 我们会说他已经不睡了。这表示着我们不了解中文语法，但确有一种予生富有的直觉去「使用它」。一个了解中文语法的人会这么解释：句(2)违反中文中否定词的文法规则 — 否定词必须放在「已经」的后面; 但可以自由的放在「常常」前或后面，如句(a)、(b)、(c):(a) 我常常听音乐。(b) 我不常常听音乐。(c) 我常常不听音乐。另外，身为母语人士的我们也能比外国人更轻易判断句子(3)和(4)的差异:(3) 我也把他请来了。(其他人先前请过他，现今换我来请他。他可以是唯一的客人)(4) 我把他也请来了。(除了别的客人之外，我还请了他。除了他一定还有其他客人)有许多同学反应中文比英文简单多了，那是因为我们打从一出生就开始听中文，全中文化的环境让我们的中文在不知不觉中神速地进步。一岁的我们不会说，整天听爸爸妈妈说中文。二岁多的我们说的中文丢三捡四，有听没有懂。三岁的我们虽然还是常常被爸爸妈妈纠正，但用中文做基本的表达与沟通已经没什么问题了。到七岁，我们已经开始可以用中文表达或理解一些抽象的概念。七年所换得用膝盖想也知道的直觉，使我们不用文法也能正确使用中文来沟通。倘若同学有这种全英文化的环境长时间学习英文，那老师当然会建议你把英文文法摆一边去，转而培养你对英文的语言直觉。另外，回想一下，小学一年级的小朋友听说都有没问题，那读跟写的能力呢？一年级会写多少字？又认得多少字？所以母语人士花七年的时间几乎都在培养听与说的直觉能力，而在我们是这样学习英文的吗？倘若我们要把英文听说读写能力全部训练好，又需要多少年？小六的学生是否可以听说读写能力都很好了呢？如果是，那就是12年。而且是全英文环境下的12年。因此，同学若要在短时间达到自己所设定的英文程度，文法在英语学习上就相对显得十分重要了。英文语法是英文写作必备的基础。写作牵涉到的问题小自用字、再来构句、大到文章组织，每一个环节都必须处理得当。在「听、说、读、写」的英文学习过程中，写作一向是最后、也是最困难的一步。

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syntax语言学中文介绍?

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