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解释：外国人;外人，陌生人;外来物，进口货物;（非本土的）外来动植物foreigner 是什么意思及中文翻译：名词(n.) 外国人名词(n.) 外人，陌生人名词(n.) 外来物，进口货物名词(n.) （非本土的）外来动植物foreigner 词态变化：复数：foreigners包含foreigner的单词foreigners 外国人( foreigner的名词复数 )foreigner 相关例句His accent argues him to be a foreigner.他的腔调表明他是个外国人。He is a foreigner, as I know from his accent.正如我从他的口音中知道的那样，他是个外国人。He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.从他的口音, 我知道他是一个外国人。Anne's father wouldn't consent to her marrying a foreigner.安妮的父亲不会答应她嫁给一个外国人。The foreigner English teacher is accompanied by his students.那位外国英语教师整天由他得学生陪着。Judging from his accent, the foreigner should be from America.从口音来判断, 这个外国人应该来自美国。It sounds funny to hear a foreigner speak Chinese with an accent.外国人带口音讲汉语听起来很滑稽。Problems in Advanced Intensive Reading of Teaching Foreigner Chinese对外汉语高级精读教学问题研究Foreigner needs to pay all additional charges for postage or remittance charge.外地人士需自行负责全数的额外邮费及汇款手续费等等!Any resident foreigner in the country must register in the Resident Foreigner Department.任何居住在该国的外国人必须到外籍人员居住管理部门登记注册。foreigner的近反义词foreigner的近义词foreigner的反义词

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对外汉语教学论文同素近义单双音形容词及教学问题研究本文简介：对外汉语教学论文：同素近义单双音形容词及教学问题研究【中文摘要】本文以《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》(修订本)中的同素近义单双音形容词为考察对象,参考《现代汉语词典》(第5版)的释义,将这些单双音形容词归入不同的形式对应关系。主要以HSK动态作文语料库为词语使用的考查范围,考察同素近义单双音形容词在对外汉语教学论文同素近义单双音形容词及教学问题研究本文内容：对外汉语教学论文：同素近义单双音形容词及教学问题研究【中文摘要】本文以《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》(修订本)中的同素近义单双音形容词为考察对象,参考《现代汉语词典》(第5版)的释义,将这些单双音形容词归入不同的形式对应关系。主要以HSK动态作文语料库为词语使用的考查范围,考察同素近义单双音形容词在留学生汉语使用中产生的种种偏误,试图在各种不同的偏误类型中,分析偏误产生的原因,以求尽可能地寻到纠正偏误的教学方法。借鉴对外汉语教学的方法策略,同时针对同素近义单双音形容词的具体偏误,探讨在对外汉语教学中可以进行实际操作的教学方法。本文共分为五个部分。第一部分为绪论,介绍了本文写作的缘由,介绍本文研究的对象及范围,对近义词概念进行区分,对同素近义单双音形容词研究状况进行概述,阐释了本文的研究、研究意义,交代本文语料的来源。第二部分对《大纲》内同素、近义、单双音节的形容词进行逐一筛查,并对形式和义项的对应关系进行归类,确定具体分析的词语组数。第三部分在确定的157对同素近义单双音形容词中,再根据形式的不同,对每一组形容词进行细分。结合HSK动态作文语料库的具体实例,统计出各类别的具体用法、出现的错误及由此生成的偏误。分析偏误产生的原因,应引起注意的方面。第四部分探讨相关的教学问题。为加深对留学生形容词偏误存在情况的进一步了解,也为了使教学更具针对性,我们采用了问卷调查的形式,对同素近义单双音形容词的使用偏误进行了集中的考察。此部分结合对《汉语教程》第一、二两册中形容词统计的结果,探讨具体的教学方法。第五部分为结语,对全文各部分的主要观点和结论进行概括总结,也指出了本文研究的不足。【英文摘要】Inthisthesis,SingleandDoubleSyllablevocabulariesWithSameMorphemeandSimilarMeaningareselectedfrom“ChineseProficiencyOutlineGradedWordsandCharacters(asamended)”,weconsiderthemasobjectofstudy.Then,theywillbeputintogroupsofformcorrespondingaccordingtomeaningin“MordernChineseDictionary(fifthedition)”.Theinspectedwords’scopeismainlyfromHSKDynamiccompositioncorpus.WeinspectkindsoferrorsofforeignstudentstouseSingleandDoubleSyllablevocabulariesWithSameMorphemeandSimilarMeaning.Wetrytolookforreasonsthatleadtoerrorindetailsindifferenttypesoferror.TheaimistofindthebestsuitableTeachingmethodstocorrecterrorasfaraspossible.MethodsandstrategiesareusedforreferenceinTeachingofChineseasasecondlanguages.Meanwhile,exploresomefeasiblemethodsofTeachingonSingleandDoubleSyllablevocabulariesWithSameMorphemeandSimilarMeaninginTeachingofChineseasasecondlanguages.Thisthesisisdividedintofivechapters.Thefirstchapterisanintroduction.Thischapterintroducesthereasoninwriting,theobjectofresearchandthescopeofresearch,distinguishingonconceptofNearsynonyms,overviewonstatusofstudyingSingleandDoubleSyllablevocabulariesWithSameMorphemeandSimilarMeaning,objectiveofresearchandvalueoftheresearchandsourceofcorpus.ThesecondchapterfindsAdjectivesthatwillbeputintogroupsaccordingtotheformcorrespondingandthemeaningthatfittherequirements:SameMorpheme,SimilarMeaning,SingleandDoubleSyllablevocabularies.Toconfirmthegroupnumberofanalyticadjectives.Thethirdchapterismainlytoput157pairofadjectivesintogroupsaccordingtoformcorrespongdingindetail.InaccordancewithspecificlivingexamplesfromHSKDynamiccompositioncorpus,weconcludespecialusageofadjectives、mistakeofExistenceanderrorofresulting.Weanalysereasonstoproduceerrorandaspects.shouldbepaidattentiontoTheforthchapterconferssomeissuesonTeaching.WeadoptadjectivequestionairetoinvestigateintensivelyerrorofSingleandDoubleSyllablevocabulariesWithSameMorphemeandSimilarMeaning.ItmakesforeignstudentsgetalongwellwithadjectiveerrorandmakesTeachingtargeted.Thisbasesonstatisticsofadjectivesinthefirstandsecondbooksnamed”Chinesetextbook”.Thefifthchapterisepilogue.Tosummarizeprimaryviewpoint、conclusionandpointoutshortage.【关键词】对外汉语教学近义词形容词【英文关键词】TeachingofChineseasasecondlanguagesNearsynonymsadjectives【目录】同素近义单双音形容词及教学问题研究摘要3-4Abstract4-5第一章绪论8-161.1问题的提出81.2研究对象及范围8-101.3研究现状10-141.3.1近义词与同义词10-111.3.2同素近义单双音形容词的研究11-131.3.3形容词的教学研究13-141.4研究目的和意义14-151.4.1研究目的141.4.2研究意义14-151.5考察依据和语料来源151.6研究方法15-16第二章同素近义单双音形容词形式及义项的对应关系16-252.1形式的对应关系16-222.1.1一对一16-172.1.2一对多17-202.1.3二对一20-222.2义项的对应关系22-242.3小结24-25第三章同素近义单双音形容词的偏误分析25-473.1语言偏误的界定25-263.2近义形容词及其偏误实例分析26-343.2.1一对一关系及偏误实例分析26-313.2.2一对多关系及偏误实例分析31-343.3二对一类形容词及偏误实例分析34-373.4其它类形容词及偏误实例分析37-473.4.1较少单独使用的单音节形容词37-413.4.2兼有其它词性的形容词41-433.4.3基本义与引申义形成的近义组43-453.4.4颜色类形容词45-463.4.5常用而《大纲》未收的形容词46-47第四章同素近义单双音形容词的教学47-574.1同素近义单双音形容词的使用情况调查47-504.2教学方法50-574.2.1互动法50-514.2.2语素分析法51-524.2.3重现法52-534.2.4搭配法53-544.2.5反义词法54-554.2.6偏误预警法55-57第五章结语57-59主要参考文献59-63附录一63-67附录二67-70附录三70-73致谢73-74攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文74

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adj.单语的; 只用一种语言的复数：monolinguals牛津词典adj.单语的；只用一种语言的speaking or using only one languagea monolingual dictionary单语词典柯林斯词典ADJ 单语的;只使用一种语言的Monolingual means involving, using, or speaking one language....a largely monolingual country such as Great Britain.像英国这样主要使用一种语言的国家双语例句As many people in America are discovering, being monolingual is no laughing matter. 很多美国人都逐渐发现，只会一种语言，不再是一件好事了。For monolingual adults, the mean age for the first signs of dementia is 71.4. 对于只讲一种语言的成人，初现痴呆症状的平均年龄是71.4。When the children were asked to press a button to switch between images of animals to images of colors, the bilingual children did this faster than the monolingual children. 当孩子们被要求按下按钮在动物图片和彩绘图片中切换时，和只会一种语言的孩子相比，会讲两种语言的孩子们完成得更快。The study involved having bilingual and monolingual children look at images of animals or depictions of colors on a computer screen. 研究中，会讲两种语言和只会讲一种语言的孩子看着电脑屏幕上动物的图片或者彩色的描绘。The study involved having participants complete a cognitive flexibility task; while monolingual and bilingual adults were both able to complete the task, the bilingual adults did it more quickly and certain parts of their brains used less energy to do so. 在这一研究中，两类人群都被要求完成一项考验认知灵活性的任务。虽然他们都可以完成，但会讲外语的人们完成得更快，而且他们大脑中的特定区域消耗了更少的能量。Gold and his team found that bilingual people were not only able to switch tasks faster they had different brain activity than their monolingual peers. 古尔德和他的团队发现，说两种语言的人不仅转换任务的速度更快，而且他们大脑的活跃程度也同说一种语言的同龄人不同。Now let me put it this way, if I met a monolingual Dutch speaker who had the cure for cancer, would I stop him from entering my British University? 现在容我换一个方式说，如果我遇到了一位只会说荷兰话的人，而这个人能治愈癌症，我会阻止他进入我的英国大学吗？By looking words up in a monolingual dictionary, you can make sure that the word or phrase you choose actually means what you think it does. 通过在单语词典里查找单词，你能保证你选择的单词或短语实际上表达了你想的意思。First, Gold and his team asked 30 people, who were either bilingual or monolingual, to look at a series of colored shapes and respond with the name of each shape by pushing a button. 首先，古尔德和他的团队让30个人看一系列有颜色的形状，然后按下按钮回答他们看到的是哪种形状，这30个人中既有说一种语言也有会说两种语言的人。Research by Australian universities has shown that a monolingual country often performs worse in international trade and diplomacy. 澳大利亚大学的研究表明，单语国家通常在国际贸易和外交中表现不佳。The method first constructs a paraphrase corpus by automatically translating a bilingual parallel corpus into a monolingual parallel corpus, from which candidate paraphrases for words are extracted. 该方法首先利用翻译引擎将双语平行语料库自动转换为单语平行语料库，以此构建复述语料库并用于候选复述的抽取。Assumption on the Compilation of a Simple Monolingual Learner's Dictionary of Chinese as a Foreign Language 编纂简明汉语单语系列学习词典的构想Earlier and recent psychological studies show that bilingual children are more resourceful and complex intellectually when compared with their monolingual peers. 早年与近年的语言心理研究都显示，学双语的儿童，思想结构比只学单语的儿童复杂。If such a view were to prevail, Singapore would eventually become a monolingual society and the bilingual policy would exist only in name. 如果让这种主张占主导，到头来，新加坡必成为单语社会，双语政策名存实亡。Research of Monolingual Word Alignment Based on Feature Integration 基于特征融合的单语词对齐方法研究The Cognitive Linguistic Approach on Chilton s Time-Space Metaphor; Research of Monolingual Word Alignment Based on Feature Integration 对齐尔顿时空隐喻的认知语言学分析基于特征融合的单语词对齐方法研究Many researches indicate that bilingual children are more sensitive and quick than monolingual children. 很多的研究表明双语小孩比单语小孩在对语言的理解上有更高的敏感性，思维方式也更灵活。The monolingual foreign learners 'dictionaries of Chinese are quite different from those for native speakers. 对外汉语学习单语词典与给本国人使用的词典有很大的不同。Third, culture can be used in a monolingual/ monocultural and multilingual/ multicultural setting. 第三，文化能在单语言和文化的背景中使用，也能在多语言和文化的背景中使用。Monolingual advanced learners 'dictionary ( ALD) of English has established its distinctive features and principles of compilation. 英语高阶学习词典已形成自己鲜明的特色和编纂原则。Based on the study of three bilingual dictionaries on mechanical engineering and other monolingual and bilingual dictionaries, this paper analyzed some problems of illustrations in the bilingual dictionary on engineering science and technology published in recent years; 本文从三本机械工程专业词典谈起，分析了近年来双语科技词典中关于插图方面的问题，评述其插图的个性、必要性和可行性；Method of deriving definition primitives from a monolingual dictionary 从单语词典中获取定义原语的一种方法The current work focuses on the derivation of definition primitives from a monolingual dictionary. 文中主要讨论了从单语词典中获取定义原语的方法。No matter in monolingual or bilingual countries, there is successful bilingual education. Australian bilingual education is a classic example. 双语教育不管是在单语国家还是在双语国家都有成功的典型，澳大利亚的双语教育，就是一个成功的典型。Illustrations in Monolingual Dictionaries& Their Functions 单语词典中的例证及其功能Most of the existing research is focused on similarity measurement of monolingual texts. 目前大多数的研究都仅针对单语言的文本相似度，即相同语言的文本之间的相似度。In this paper, we summarize the status of research in this field and proposed a method considering the characteristics of Chinese and Japanese to automatic extract the Chinese-Japanese NE translation equivalents based on inductive learning from monolingual corpora. 本文总结了该领域的研究现状，并结合汉语和日语的特点，提出了一种新的基于归纳学习法的单语语料库命名实体翻译对自动抽取方法。In Wikipedia, parallel or comparable bilingual resources exist in two parallel or comparable monolingual web pages. 维基百科中双语平行或可比较资源是完全存在于两个平行或可比较的单语网页中。Lots of bilingual countries even monolingual countries did bilingual experiments and had great achievements. 许多双语国家甚至单语国家陆续实施双语教育实验并获得重大成功。With the increase of international communication, it also frequently happens in monolingual communities such as China. 随着国际间交往的发展，语码转换也频繁的在中国这样的单语社区中发生。英英释义nouna person who knows only one languageadjusing or knowing only one languagemonolingual speakersa monolingual dictionary

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网络字模; 字图; 码型; 单词图案; 字模,码型双语例句It then loops through each sentence and breaks that into individual words based on the word break pattern. 然后循环通过每个句子，并基于单词分割模式将句子分割成单词。This allows us to talk about them at a higher level of abstraction, which delivers more semantic content per word than trying to describe the pattern details individually. 这样使我们能够在一个更高的抽象层来对它们进行讨论，它提供了语义更强的语境，而不是单个地记述这个模式的详细资料。Select a word you habitually use to describe your negative feelings, and come up with an alternative word that will break your pattern or at least lower your intensity. 选出一个你惯用于表达负面感觉的词，再换一个词，能中止你的旧行为模式，或至少缓解你的情绪。Region status word bit pattern 区域状态字位组合格式This study explores the static verb-object structure via a topical analysis of the word order pattern. 动宾结构词汇化是动词性成分或宾语成分独立性弱化的结果。The word "pattern" is derived from the same root as the word patron. “模式”这个词与保护神这个词来自同一词根。The results have shown in expository text reading, there was word frequency effect and word class effect on fixation duration and fixation pattern. 实验结果发现，词频及词汇类型对读者眼球运动型态的影响，会因文体不同而有不同。A word that is used as a pattern to decode an encrypted message. 用于为加密信息作注释模式的词。Puzzle solving is something of a game if one thinks of "winning" by finishing the picture or word pattern in a specified time with no outside help. 假如在没有人帮助的情况下，在规定的时间内完成一幅画或解出字谜算赢，那么解谜也是一种游戏。The repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device. 作为修辞方法的同一个单词或句型的反复使用。Differentiation of word formation pattern of "tou" in modern Chinese nouns of locality 现代汉语方位词中头的构词方式辨析This paper introduces some basic techniques of speech recognition, and presentes an isolated word recognition system which is based on pattern matching by using dynamic time warping algorithm. The testing result of this system is promising. 文章介绍利用动态时间伸缩算法（DTW）行模式匹配的孤立词识别系统，系统测试结果表明，效果较为理想。Accordingly, the process of information extraction includes two steps. Sentence information extraction is based on the center vector model, as well as word or clause information be extracted by pattern matching. 相应地，信息抽取过程也分两级，即采用基于中心向量模型的方法抽取句子级信息，采取模式匹配的方法抽取词语或短语级信息。Lexicon in Modern Chinese is further enriched and developed by giving new meanings to the old words and borrowing and referring to loanwords and dialectal words, presenting some new characteristics in word formation: additional formation becomes an important pattern; 通过给原有旧词赋予新义以及积极吸收借鉴外来词与方言词等途径，现代汉语词汇得到了进一步的丰富和发展，在构建上也相应呈现出一些全新特点：附加构词法成为重要模式；Then, Using isolated word token as reference pattern, a fast dynamic time warping ( FDTW) matching procedure is perbormed. 构造出一种快速动态时间弯折（FDTW）匹配过程。In a word, the NIDS model combining Pattern Math and Protocol Analysis that we propose in this paper can improve the detection speed of NIDS, and reduce the consumption of the system resource, decrease the frequency of misinformation and get obvious improvement in performance. 本论文提出的模式匹配与协议分析相结合的网络入侵检测模型，可提高检测速度、减少系统资源消耗、降低误报率，明显改善系统性能。A Comparison and Analysis of the Principal-subordinate Word Group Pattern between English and Russian 英俄语言主从词组关系模式对比分析It attaches more importance to the teaching of word meaning. Teachers adopt the pattern of present-practise-produce to help students master the dictionary meanings of new words and students 'task is to remember new words as quickly as they can. 词汇教学更多注重的是词义教学，教师用讲解操练复用的教学模式帮助学生掌握生词的词典意义，而学生的任务是速记生词。The article is mainly to explore rhetoric result by using the four-word pattern correctly in the process of translation, and appling some examples to further explain how to enhance language result. 本文从如何在翻译过程中恰当运用四字格来阐释四字格在英译汉中的修辞效果，并结合实例进一步说明如何运用四字格来增强语言效果。In a word, B/ S pattern is the browser and the server structure. B/S（Browser/Server）结构即浏览器/服务器结构。The investigation of the CCTV feature-programme titles shows that the commonest ones are those of the modifier modified word structure in tetrad pattern, whose basic rhythmic unit is disyllabic foot. 对中央电视台栏目名的考察和分析表明，电视栏目名以四字格偏正结构最为常见，双音节音步是其基本的韵律单位。Therefore the new proposed algorithms are efficient. ( 2) In the current research area of XML query processing, most word are focused on matching the pattern with only descendant and child axis. 目前的XML查询处理研究工作中，没有对包含父亲轴和祖先轴的模式的匹配算法的研究。Chapter Three interprets the character of Chinese word order from the comparison of Chinese-English sentence pattern. To some extent, Chinese could embody Sequencing Iconicity and the copy of the objective world better and better. 第三章主要从汉英两种基本句式对比的角度来阐释汉语语序的个性，也就是说汉语在某种程度上更能体现顺序象似性原则，更能体现出汉语语序是对客观世界的临摹。In a word, the OWSS based puncturing pattern design provides an effective alternative of generating adaptive Turbo coding scheme to satisfy the performance requirement of diverse applications. 总之，基于OWSS准则的穿孔模式设计可以满足不同的应用需求，是产生自适应Turbo码的有效方法。The word link pattern is an important dimension in mental lexicon. 词汇的联结模式是心理词汇的一个重要方面。In the process of word formation, English blending word is a quite typical word-building pattern in contemporary English, referring to both compounding and shortening. 在词汇生成过程中，拼缀构词既涉及合成，又涉及截略，是当代英语颇具典型的构词方式。Avoidance is a kind of circuitous way that the learners use when they are not sure about a certain sound or a word or a pattern or when they feel difficult about them. 本文认为回避是学习者对某个音或某个词或某个句型等不清楚或感到困难时所采取的一种迂回手段。The digital simulation sources achieve the design requirement of technical index, it can realize the output of synthetic data stream, and the code rate, frame synchronization, output data word and code pattern can be adjusted. 设计的综合数据模拟源可输出码率、帧结构、数据字类型、码型可编程的综合数据，达到了设计技术指标要求。In foreign language teaching, Adjectives and syntactic functions of word formation pattern is that students must first understand the master. 在对外汉语教学中，形容词重叠式的构词方式和句法功能是学生首先要理解掌握的。

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